from __future__ import (
unicode_literals,
absolute_import,
print_function,
division,
)
str = type('')
import warnings
import RPIO
import RPIO.PWM
from RPIO.Exceptions import InvalidChannelException
from . import LocalPin, PINS_CLEANUP
from .data import pi_info
from ..exc import (
PinInvalidFunction,
PinSetInput,
PinFixedPull,
PinInvalidPull,
PinInvalidBounce,
PinInvalidState,
PinPWMError,
PinNonPhysical,
PinNoPins,
)
[docs]class RPIOPin(LocalPin):
"""
Uses the `RPIO`_ library to interface to the Pi's GPIO pins. This is
the default pin implementation if the RPi.GPIO library is not installed,
but RPIO is. Supports all features including PWM (hardware via DMA).
.. note::
Please note that at the time of writing, RPIO is only compatible with
Pi 1's; the Raspberry Pi 2 Model B is *not* supported. Also note that
root access is required so scripts must typically be run with ``sudo``.
You can construct RPIO pins manually like so::
from gpiozero.pins.rpio import RPIOPin
from gpiozero import LED
led = LED(RPIOPin(12))
.. _RPIO: https://pythonhosted.org/RPIO/
"""
_PINS = {}
GPIO_FUNCTIONS = {
'input': RPIO.IN,
'output': RPIO.OUT,
'alt0': RPIO.ALT0,
}
GPIO_PULL_UPS = {
'up': RPIO.PUD_UP,
'down': RPIO.PUD_DOWN,
'floating': RPIO.PUD_OFF,
}
GPIO_FUNCTION_NAMES = {v: k for (k, v) in GPIO_FUNCTIONS.items()}
GPIO_PULL_UP_NAMES = {v: k for (k, v) in GPIO_PULL_UPS.items()}
PI_INFO = None
def __new__(cls, number):
if not cls._PINS:
RPIO.setmode(RPIO.BCM)
RPIO.setwarnings(False)
RPIO.wait_for_interrupts(threaded=True)
RPIO.PWM.setup()
RPIO.PWM.init_channel(0, 10000)
PINS_CLEANUP.append(RPIO.PWM.cleanup)
PINS_CLEANUP.append(RPIO.stop_waiting_for_interrupts)
PINS_CLEANUP.append(RPIO.cleanup)
if cls.PI_INFO is None:
cls.PI_INFO = pi_info()
try:
return cls._PINS[number]
except KeyError:
self = super(RPIOPin, cls).__new__(cls)
try:
cls.PI_INFO.physical_pin('GPIO%d' % number)
except PinNoPins:
warnings.warn(
PinNonPhysical(
'no physical pins exist for GPIO%d' % number))
self._number = number
self._pull = 'up' if cls.PI_INFO.pulled_up('GPIO%d' % number) else 'floating'
self._pwm = False
self._duty_cycle = None
self._bounce = None
self._when_changed = None
self._edges = 'both'
try:
RPIO.setup(self._number, RPIO.IN, self.GPIO_PULL_UPS[self._pull])
except InvalidChannelException as e:
raise ValueError(e)
cls._PINS[number] = self
return self
def __repr__(self):
return "GPIO%d" % self._number
@property
def number(self):
return self._number
def close(self):
self.frequency = None
self.when_changed = None
RPIO.setup(self._number, RPIO.IN, RPIO.PUD_OFF)
def _get_function(self):
return self.GPIO_FUNCTION_NAMES[RPIO.gpio_function(self._number)]
def _set_function(self, value):
if value != 'input':
self._pull = 'floating'
try:
RPIO.setup(self._number, self.GPIO_FUNCTIONS[value], self.GPIO_PULL_UPS[self._pull])
except KeyError:
raise PinInvalidFunction('invalid function "%s" for pin %r' % (value, self))
def _get_state(self):
if self._pwm:
return self._duty_cycle
else:
return RPIO.input(self._number)
def _set_state(self, value):
if not 0 <= value <= 1:
raise PinInvalidState('invalid state "%s" for pin %r' % (value, self))
if self._pwm:
RPIO.PWM.clear_channel_gpio(0, self._number)
if value == 0:
RPIO.output(self._number, False)
elif value == 1:
RPIO.output(self._number, True)
else:
RPIO.PWM.add_channel_pulse(0, self._number, start=0, width=int(1000 * value))
self._duty_cycle = value
else:
try:
RPIO.output(self._number, value)
except ValueError:
raise PinInvalidState('invalid state "%s" for pin %r' % (value, self))
except RuntimeError:
raise PinSetInput('cannot set state of pin %r' % self)
def _get_pull(self):
return self._pull
def _set_pull(self, value):
if self.function != 'input':
raise PinFixedPull('cannot set pull on non-input pin %r' % self)
if value != 'up' and self.PI_INFO.pulled_up('GPIO%d' % self._number):
raise PinFixedPull('%r has a physical pull-up resistor' % self)
try:
RPIO.setup(self._number, RPIO.IN, self.GPIO_PULL_UPS[value])
self._pull = value
except KeyError:
raise PinInvalidPull('invalid pull "%s" for pin %r' % (value, self))
def _get_frequency(self):
if self._pwm:
return 100
else:
return None
def _set_frequency(self, value):
if value is not None and value != 100:
raise PinPWMError(
'RPIOPin implementation is currently limited to '
'100Hz sub-cycles')
if not self._pwm and value is not None:
self._pwm = True
# Dirty hack to get RPIO's PWM support to setup, but do nothing,
# for a given GPIO pin
RPIO.PWM.add_channel_pulse(0, self._number, start=0, width=0)
RPIO.PWM.clear_channel_gpio(0, self._number)
elif self._pwm and value is None:
RPIO.PWM.clear_channel_gpio(0, self._number)
self._pwm = False
def _get_bounce(self):
return None if self._bounce is None else (self._bounce / 1000)
def _set_bounce(self, value):
if value is not None and value < 0:
raise PinInvalidBounce('bounce must be 0 or greater')
f = self.when_changed
self.when_changed = None
try:
self._bounce = None if value is None else int(value * 1000)
finally:
self.when_changed = f
def _get_edges(self):
return self._edges
def _set_edges(self, value):
f = self.when_changed
self.when_changed = None
try:
self._edges = value
finally:
self.when_changed = f
def _get_when_changed(self):
return self._when_changed
def _set_when_changed(self, value):
if self._when_changed is None and value is not None:
self._when_changed = value
RPIO.add_interrupt_callback(
self._number,
lambda channel, value: self._when_changed(),
self._edges, self.GPIO_PULL_UPS[self._pull], self._bounce)
elif self._when_changed is not None and value is None:
try:
RPIO.del_interrupt_callback(self._number)
except KeyError:
# Ignore this exception which occurs during shutdown; this
# simply means RPIO's built-in cleanup has already run and
# removed the handler
pass
self._when_changed = None
else:
self._when_changed = value